An emetic is a device used in inducing vomiting or emesis. These types of drugs can be used for health concerns such as poisoning. There are two requirements for emetics: cooperation of the stomach and of the air passages.
Gastric emetics are most commonly used in cases of accidental poisoning. They can also be used for the removal of substances trapped in the esophagus or larynx. Emetic devices used to clear the air passages are used for health concerns such as bronchitis and pneumonia, especially in children who may not have chest muscles developed enough to removal of mucus on their own.
A list of gastric emetics, although not exhaustive, includes alum, copper sulphate, sodium chloride and mustard. Gastric emetics are capable of producing the desired effect in two to five minutes. Soon after an emetic has been administered, nausea and dizziness quickly follows, followed by flushing of the skin, muscle relaxation increased saliva and eventually vomiting.
Systemic emetics, or those administered through the blood and often received in the hospital, take longer to work as they have to be circulated through the brain first. However, systemic emetics are longer lasting. A common over-the-counter emetic is syrup of ipecac. This can be dangerous if taken in high quantities and has been abused by those suffering from eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa.
Emetics should not be used in those where hemorrhaging could be expected, or those suffering from aneurisms or hernias. Emetics are powerful and should be used only in extreme cases.
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Lobelia is named after botanist Matthias de Lobel who died in London in 1616.…
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