Self tanning products are probably one of the fasting growing beauty products.
Naturally we tan when UV light hits our skin. UV light, produced by the sun, causes damage to our skin's DNA. Once this DNA is damaged, melanin, the compound that provides color to our skin, hair and eyes is released and causes a darkening of our skin to occur. Self tanning beauty products try to mimic this process by up regulating the production of melanin in our skin.
There are many different types of self tanning products such as tanning beds (which just simply use artificial UV rays in concentrated doses), lotions and pills. Lotions are probably the most common at home use of tanning accelerants. Most of these contain melanin in them as an ingredient. Some tanning lotions stimulate the skin and bring blood to the surface of the skin so as to bring all available melanin to the skin's surface to obtain the desired darkening effect. Some tanning lotions contain a protein called Psoralen which stimulates the pigment cells in your skin to produce melanin when exposed to UV rays, which allows you to tan faster. Lotions may also contain bronzers to mimic melanin pigmentation.
Many tanning pills contain large amounts of vitamin A or beta-carotene, the pigment found in orange vegetables such as carrots. The purpose is to stain the skin an orange color more than to stimulate melanin production.
However as with most beauty products, self tanning products can be dangerous, especially when used in combination with one another such as lotions in addition to tanning beds as lotions contain no UV protection. Caution should also be used with tanning pills as large amounts of vitamin A can be teratogenic and cause birth defects and pregnant women should use with caution.
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